Oscillators are complex frequency generating devices. The advantage of a 'crystal-based oscillator' (XO) is the high frequency stability over a wide temperature range.
The developer just need specify the frequency, supply voltage and package. Problems which can be created in a discrete built oscillator are solved already in finished oscillators.
Jauch Quartz, a German company, is one of the world's leading manufacturers of frequency control products. The Jauch standard frequency stability for XOs is ±50 ppm. However, for special requests ±25 ppm parts are also available. The most common package is a 7,0 x 5,0 mm surface mount version besides the through-hole DIL packages.
Tristate function is a standard for all the company's products. The VX3 series (full ceramic) or JO75 series (ceramic/metal) covers a frequency range from 1,0 to 160,0 MHz. Programmed frequencies are available up to 200,0 MHz in a fast service.
The same package size (7,0 x 5,0 mm) is used for the latest generation of VCXOs (voltage controlled crystal oscillators). These oscillators are able to change the output frequency by changing a control voltage. They can be used for frequency modulation or synchronisation.
TCXOs are the high-end oscillators that are mostly used in telecommunication applications. The crystal frequency temperature characteristic (cubic function) is compensated in a TCXO to stabilities of less than ±2,5 ppm. The 7,0 x 5,0 mm package became a standard for TCXOs and is even now available in a smaller 5,0 x 3,2 mm size.
OCXOs (oven controlled crystal oscillators) are very special oscillators with frequency stabilities in the parts per billion range. Applications like telecommunication base stations and high-end measurement equipment use these types of oscillators.
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